lunes, 21 de junio de 2010

marco teorico

Marco teórico
Tema: anticonceptivos y preservativos en escolares de enseñanza media

 http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?pid=S0717-75262008000600002&script=sci_arttext
FACTORES ASOCIADOS AL USO DE ANTICONCEPTIVOS EN ESTUDIANTES DE ENSEÑANZA MEDIA DE LA COMUNA DE Temuco “…Se observa tendencia a la disminución del inicio precoz de las relaciones sexuales; asimismo ausencia de protección anticonceptiva en la primera relación sexual. El uso de métodos anticonceptivos es mayor a lo reportado en otros estudios chilenos; factores relacionados con la pareja y la conversación con profesionales de salud se asocian al uso, mostrando el rol de los agentes de salud en la prevención de riesgos en la salud sexual y reproductiva…” Revista chilena de obstetricia y ginecología versión On-line ISSN 0717-7526 Rev. chil. obstet. ginecol. v.73 n.6 Santiago 2008
 http://www.revistasochog.cl/articulos/ver/157
Identificación de factores de riesgo y factores protectores del embarazo en adolescentes de la novena región “…El no uso de MAC se explica por: olvido de ingesta, temor a subir de peso, dificultades en el acceso a los métodos, vergüenza para solicitarlos e irresponsabilidad masculina…”
“…de los MAC tienen información pero no saben cómo usarlos…” Revista chilena de Obstetricia y Ginecología volumen 75 ñ 2 año 2010
 http://www.revistapediatria.cl/vol4num3/resumen15.html
Uso y correcta utilización de anticonceptivos en escolares adolescentes de distinto estrato socioeconómico de Santiago “…Los adolescentes de bajo nivel socio-económico presentan una menor frecuencia de uso y un peor conocimiento de los MAC, en relación a sus pares de niveles medios-altos. Se necesitan estudios que den cuenta de los factores que intervienen en dicha asimetría. Se debe promover su uso desde la primera relación sexual a fin de perpetuar su uso en los jóvenes…” Revista Pediatría Electrónica Vol. 4, ñ 3, Diciembre 2007

 . http://www.cemera.cl/sogia/pdf/2006/SOG
Actitudes de un grupo de jóvenes de enseñanza media
Frente al uso del condón, Santiago 2005 “…Entre los hallazgos destacan el no usar condón porque: consideran que reduce la sensibilidad; precio excesivo; descontento de la pareja; dificultad para acceder a éste; vergüenza de solicitarlos en consultorios o farmacias y el considerar que los entregados por los centros de salud son de mala calidad. El uso de condón es siempre en función del embarazo, no en la prevención de Infecciones de Transmisión Sexual . La gran mayoría no
usó condón la primera vez, ya que “dificulta más” la iniciación y por reducción del placer sexual y, no creen estar en riesgo actual de contagio de VIH, porque “confían en su pareja” o porque “hay amor”. Las mujeres acceden fácilmente a no usar condón si su pareja se los pide porque “están enamoradas”. Las mujeres no reconocen como de su responsabilidad la adquisición del condón, ya que “de eso se preocupa el hombre” . Lo encontrado sugiere imprescindible reforzar las acciones de promoción, y prevención en los adolescentes por educadores y profesionales de la salud…” (2) SOGIA Vol. 13 - Nº 1, Año 2006 – Sin Figs. – AV
.
 http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0034-98872009000900007
Factores asociados a la continuidad del uso anticonceptivo en adolescentes solteras nulíparas “…Un importante porcentaje de adolescentes reportaron que teniendo información sobre métodos anticonceptivos no los usaron. En este aspecto es necesario desarrollar un mayor conocimiento de la relación existente entre lo que las adolescentes saben sobre anticoncepción y cómo es su comportamiento anticonceptivo. Es un tema que no se conversa en familia, el colegio entonces pasa a ser una importante fuente de información y comunicación sobre anticonceptivos en niños, niñas y adolescentes en nuestro país, por lo que se debiera apoyar fuertemente a educadores en esta temática y motivar la incorporación y participación de los padres y familias a esta labor educativa…” Rev. méd. Chile v.137 n.9 Santiago sep. 2009

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